Real-time voice over packet-switched networks

We discuss the architecture and technical viability of transporting real-time voice over packet-switched networks such as the Internet. The value of integrating voice and data networks onto a common platform is well known. The telephony industry has proposed the ATM standard as a means of upgrading the Internet to provide both real-time and data services. In contrast, voice services may be added to traditional IP networks that were originally designed for data transmission alone. Here, we consider the feasibility and expected quality of service of audio applications over IP networks such as the Internet. In particular, we examine possible architectures for voice over IP and discuss measured Internet delay and loss characteristics.