Pathophysiology of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome and Treatment: Recent Advancements

Purpose of Review Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a painful and debilitating disorder involving dysfunction in multiple body systems. This review seeks to evaluate recent data and present treatment options for the practical management of this condition. Recent Findings The mechanism by which CRPS develops is multifactorial, affecting both the peripheral and central nervous systems, and nerve changes can be seen at a histologic level. Treatment should be initiated as early as possible, as the chronic disease is less responsive to intervention. CRPS is a clinical diagnosis; treatment is symptomatic and aimed at addressing the sensory, vasomotor, sudomotor, and trophic changes which occur in the context of severe pain. Management may include therapy, oral or intravenous medication, procedures, or surgery.