Theory, technology and prospects of conventional and unconventional natural gas

The development of natural gas in China has entered a golden and leap-forward stage, which is a necessary bridge to clean energy. This in-depth study on the status quo, theory, technology and prospect of natural gas development shows: (1) The global remaining proven recoverable reserves of natural gas are 186 x 10(12) m(3), and the reserves-production ratio is 52.4, indicating a solid resource base for long-term and rapid development. (2) Ten formation and distribution laws of conventional and unconventional natural gas reservoirs have been proposed. In terms of exploration geology, the theory of conventional "monolithic" giant gas fields with different gas sources, and an unconventional gas accumulation theory with continuous distribution of "sweet areas" in different lithologic reservoirs have been established; in terms of development geology, a development theory of conventional structural gas reservoirs is oriented to "controlling water intrusion", while a development theory of unconventional gas is concentrated on man-made gas reservoirs. (3) With the geological resources (excluding hydrates) of 210 x 10(12) m(3) and the total proven rate of the resources less than 2% at present, the natural gas in China will see a constant increase in reserve and production; by 2030, the proven geological reserves of natural gas are expected to reach about (6 000-7 000) x10(8) m(3), the production of conventional and unconventional natural gas each will reach about 1 000 x 10(8) m(3), and the gas consumption will reach 5 500 x 10(8) m(3). The dependence on imported natural gas may be 64% by 2030, and 70% by 2050. (4) Ten measures for future development of natural gas have been proposed, including strengthening exploration in large-scale resource areas, increasing the development benefits of unconventional gas, and enhancing the peak adjusting capacity of gas storage and scale construction of liquified natural gas.