Relationship of sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, and nutrient and food intakes with osteoarthritis prevalence in elderly subjects with controlled dyslipidaemia: a cross-sectional study

Background and Objectives: Several studies have suggested that abnormal levels of serum cholesterol may be a major risk factor for osteoarthritis. However, no studies have been conducted to prevent osteoarthritis under controlled conditions of serum cholesterol. This study aimed to examine the relationship of sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, and nutrient and food intakes with osteoarthritis prevalence in Korean elderly subjects with controlled dyslipidaemia. Methods and Study Design: This study included 314 subjects aged >= 65 years who were diagnosed and treated for dyslipidaemia (data from the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016). Among them, 108 were also diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Sociodemographic, health, and nutritional data were analysed. Results: Osteoarthritis prevalence was higher in females, higher-educated subjects, unmarried subjects, non-smokers, and subjects with high body mass index (p<0.05). After adjusting for the multiple variables, the non-osteoarthritis group had significantly higher vitamin C intake (132 +/- 11.0 vs 93.1 +/- 11.1 mg/day), fish intake (172 +/- 30.0 vs 79.0 +/- 12.9 g/day), and seaweed intake (93.7 +/- 19.3 vs 38.3 +/- 13.4 mg/day) than the osteoarthritis group. Furthermore, the lowest vitamin C, fish, seaweed intake group (quartile 1) each had 3.20, 2.76, 9.93 times higher risk of osteoarthritis than the highest vitamin C, fish, seaweed intake group (quartile 4) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Among Korean elderly subjects with controlled dyslipidaemia, those with osteoarthritis had lower vitamin C, fish, seaweed intakes than those without osteoarthritis. Although our results do not prove that low vitamin C, fish, seaweed intakes cause osteoarthritis, such relationship is worth exploring for a preventive perspective.