Sixty-two brachiopod species belonging to 42 genera are systematically described for the first time from the Visean-Serpukhovian Heshilafu Formation of the western Kunlun Mountains, North-west China. Two new genera Robertsella and Aitegounetes are proposed. New species include Rhipidomella aitegouensis, Rhipidomella radiata, Brocbocarina kunlunensis, Rugosochonetes damusiensis, Robertsella tarimensis, Robertsella greenhillsensis, Aitegounetes aitegouensis, Aitegounetes burvillensis, Marginatia ruani, Latiproductus convexa, Globosoproductus xinjiangensis, Semiplanella yangi, Unispirifer heshilafuensis, and Beecheria yeerqiangensis.