The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope

被引：145

作者：

Ackermann, M. ^{[1
]}

Ajello, M. ^{[2
]}

Baldini, L. ^{[3
,4
]}

Ballet, J. ^{[5
]}

Barbiellini, G. ^{[6
,7
]}

Bastieri, D. ^{[8
,9
]}

Bellazzini, R. ^{[10
]}

Bissaldi, E. ^{[11
,12
,13
]}

Blandford, R. D. ^{[14
,15
]}

Bloom, E. D. ^{[14
,15
]}

Bonino, R. ^{[16
,17
]}

Bottacini, E. ^{[14
,15
,18
]}

Brandt, T. J. ^{[19
]}

Bregeon, J. ^{[20
]}

Bruel, P. ^{[21
]}

Buehler, R. ^{[1
]}

Cameron, R. A. ^{[14
,15
]}

Caputo, R. ^{[22
,23
]}

Caraveo, P. A. ^{[24
]}

Castro, D. ^{[19
,25
]}

Cavazzuti, E. ^{[26
]}

Charles, E. ^{[14
,15
]}

Cheung, C. C. ^{[27
]}

Chiaro, G. ^{[24
]}

Ciprini, S. ^{[28
,29
]}

Cohen-Tanugi, J. ^{[20
]}

Costantin, D. ^{[9
]}

Cutini, S. ^{[28
,29
]}

D'Ammando, F. ^{[30
,31
]}

de Palma, F. ^{[13
,32
]}

Desai, A. ^{[2
]}

Di Lalla, N. ^{[3
,4
]}

Di Mauro, M. ^{[14
,15
]}

Di Venere, L. ^{[11
,12
,13
]}

Favuzzi, C. ^{[11
,12
,13
]}

Finke, J. ^{[27
]}

Franckowiak, A. ^{[1
]}

Fukazawa, Y. ^{[33
]}

Funk, S. ^{[34
]}

Fusco, P. ^{[11
,12
,13
]}

Gargano, F. ^{[13
]}

Gasparrini, D. ^{[28
,29
]}

Giglietto, N. ^{[11
,12
,13
]}

Giordano, F. ^{[11
,12
,13
]}

Giroletti, M. ^{[30
]}

Green, D. ^{[19
,35
]}

Grenier, I. A. ^{[5
]}

Guillemot, L. ^{[36
,37
]}

Guiriec, S. ^{[19
,38
]}

Hays, E. ^{[19
]}

机构：

[1] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany

[2] Clemson Univ, Kinard Lab Phys, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA

[3] Univ Pisa, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy

[4] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy

[5] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, CNRS,Lab AIM,CEA IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France

[6] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Seze Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[7] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[8] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[9] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy

[10] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy

[11] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy

[12] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy

[13] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy

[14] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[15] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[16] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[17] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy

[18] Univ Padua, Dept Phys & Astron, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, I-35122 Padua, Italy

[19] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[20] Univ Montpellier, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France

[21] Ecole Polytech, IN2P3, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France

[22] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[23] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[24] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Milano, Via E Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[25] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[26] Italian Space Agcy, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[27] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA

[28] Space Sci Data Ctr Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via Politecn Snc, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[29] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy

[30] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[31] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[32] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento 48, I-80132 Naples, Italy

[33] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan

[34] Friedrich Alexander Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, Erwin Rommel Str 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany

[35] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA

[36] Univ Orleans, CNRS, Lab Phys & Chim Environnem & Espace, F-45071 Orleans 02, France

[37] CNRS INSU, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay, F-18330 Nancay, France

[38] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, 725 21st St, Washington, DC 20052 USA

[39] Univ North Florida, Dept Phys, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA

[40] Univ Iceland, Sci Inst, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland

[41] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[42] Stockholm Univ, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[43] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[44] Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[45] Univ Bordeaux 1, IN2P3 CNRS, Ctr Etudes Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan, France

[46] Inst Space Sci CSICIEEC, Campus UAB,Carrer Magrans S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain

[47] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan

[48] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy

[49] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA

[50] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES | 2018年 / 237卷 / 02期

关键词：

BL Lacertae objects: general; catalogs; gamma rays: general; ISM: H II Regions; ISM: supernova remnants; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; INTERGALACTIC MAGNETIC-FIELDS; GALACTIC SUPERNOVA REMNANT; DARK-MATTER ANNIHILATION; HIGH-ENERGY PHOTONS; CRAB-NEBULA; TEV BLAZARS; CASCADE EMISSION; LAT DISCOVERY;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present a search for spatial extension in high-latitude (vertical bar b vertical bar > 5 degrees) sources in recent Fermi point source catalogs. The result is the Fermi High-Latitude Extended Sources Catalog, which provides source extensions (or upper limits thereof) and likelihood profiles for a suite of tested source morphologies. We find 24. extended sources, 19 of which were not previously characterized as extended. These include sources that are potentially associated with supernova remnants and star-forming regions. We also found extended.-ray emission in the vicinity of the Cen. A radio lobes and-at GeV energies for the first time-spatially coincident with the radio emission of the SNR CTA 1, as well as from the Crab Nebula. We also searched for halos around active galactic nuclei, which are predicted from electromagnetic cascades induced by the e(+)e(-) pairs that are deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields. These pairs are produced when gamma-rays interact with background radiation fields. We do not find evidence for extension in individual sources or in stacked source samples. This enables us to place limits on the flux of the extended source components, which are then used to constrain the intergalactic magnetic field to be stronger than 3 x 10(-16) G for a coherence length lambda greater than or similar to 10 kpc, even when conservative assumptions on the source duty cycle are made. This improves previous limits by several orders of magnitude.

引用

页数：36

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