Low-voltage electrostatic modulation of ion diffusion through layered graphene-based nanoporous membranes

被引:229
作者
Cheng, Chi [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Jiang, Gengping [4 ,5 ]
Simon, George Philip [2 ,3 ]
Liu, Jefferson Zhe [6 ,7 ]
Li, Dan [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Melbourne, Dept Chem Engn, Parkville, Vic, Australia
[2] Monash Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic, Australia
[3] Monash Univ, New Horizons Res Ctr, Clayton, Vic, Australia
[4] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Sci, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China
[5] Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol, Hubei Prov Key Lab Syst Sci Met Proc, State Key Lab Refractories & Met, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China
[6] Univ Melbourne, Dept Mech Engn, Parkville, Vic, Australia
[7] Monash Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Clayton, Vic, Australia
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
DIELECTRIC PERMITTIVITY; OXIDE MEMBRANES; TRANSPORT; EQUATION; ELECTROLYTES; REJECTION; LIQUIDS; SYSTEMS; STORAGE;
D O I
10.1038/s41565-018-0181-4
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
Ion transport in nanoconfinement differs from that in bulk and has been extensively researched across scientific and engineering disciplines(1-4). For many energy and water applications of nanoporous materials, concentration-driven ion diffusion is simultaneously subjected to a local electric field arising from surface charge or an externally applied potential. Due to the uniquely crowded intermolecular forces under severe nanoconfinement (<2 nm), the transport behaviours of ions can be influenced by the interfacial electrical double layer (EDL) induced by a surface potential, with complex implications, engendering unusual ion dynamics(5)(-7). However, it remains an experimental challenge to investigate how such a surface potential and its coupling with nanoconfinement manipulate ion diffusion. Here, we exploit the tunable nanoconfinement in layered graphene-based nanoporous membranes to show that sub-2 nm confined ion diffusion can be strongly modulated by the surface potential-induced EDL. Depending on the potential sign, the combination and concentration of ion pairs, diffusion rates can be reversibly modulated and anomalously enhanced by 4 similar to 7 times within 0.5 volts, across a salt concentration gradient up to seawater salinity. Modelling suggests that this anomalously enhanced diffusion is related to the strong ion-ion correlations under severe nanoconfinement, and cannot be explained by conventional theoretical predictions.
引用
收藏
页码:685 / +
页数:8
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