Synthesis Methods for Nanoparticle Morphology Control in Energy Applications

Lightweight nano-composite materials, nano-coatings, nanocatalysts, and nano-structured materials have demonstrated an ability to reduce emissions and maximize clean energy production. Nanoparticles play an important role in engineering and decarbonization for energy applications, and a wide range of nanoparticle synthesis methods have been developed to include those that enable control over particle morphology. The ability to control nanoparticle morphology allows the tailoring and improvement of material properties that will accelerate efforts towards lowering carbon emissions by developing advanced catalysts for carbon sequestration and will enhance energy-efficient processes and technologies. Synthesis methods aimed towards shape control of nanoparticles have demonstrated an ability to form spheres, rods, flower-like shapes, cubes, plates, shells, and chiral geometries. Processing methods used to form these morphologies include microwave-assisted synthesis, solvothermal, hydrothermal, and a wide range of capping agents. A discussion of a few of these methods is given along with results and applications.