Effects of Some Abiotic Factors on Adult Emergence Rates of the Released Predator Calosoma sycophanta L. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) under Field Conditions in Turkey

Adult emergence rates of released Calosoma sycophanta L. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) larvae under field conditions were determined in Turkey for three years (2012-2014). Directions and altitudes of the area that received released larvae were important factors affect adult emergence rates. Above 501 m, at the northern direction in the research areas had higher adult emergence rates compared to the southern one. Below 500 m at southern direction, adult emergence rates were higher than at north. Soil depth didn't affect emergence rates of the adult beetles. According to the results, pupation average preferential depth was 12.6 cm (7.5-15.4 cm) as about 35% of the larvae, used in the study developed to adults. Sex ratio was 42% males and 58% females. The northern direction had higher female adults compared to the southern one (North female 66, male 34% and South female 49.75, male 50.25%). At 0-500 m more significant adults was recorded than at 501-1000 m.