Superfluid 3He -: from cosmology to particle detection

We describe the application of superfluid He-3 at very low temperatures as a highly sensitive bolometer for elementary particles detection. Recently we were able to detect the cosmic muon scattering with energy of 45 KeV. The other important property of superfluid He-3 at very low temperatures is its analogy with quantum vacuum of the Universe. At very rapid superfluid transition in He-3, follows after a reaction with single neutron, the creation of topological defects (vortices) has been demonstrated in accordance with the Kibble-Zurek scenario for the cosmological analogue. We discuss here the extension of the Kibble-Zurek scenario for the case when alternative symmetries may be broken and different states can be nucleated independently. We have calculated the nucleation probability of the various states of superfluid He-3 during a superfluid transition. The new theory of transition from supercooled A phase to the B phase, triggered by nuclear reaction, have been established. Our theory explains the results of Stanford experiments much better, then well known "Baked Alaska" scenario. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.