Experimental evaluation of the impacts of diesel-nanoparticles-waste tire pyrolysis oil ternary blends on the combustion, performance, and emission characteristics of a diesel engine

In the present research, pyrolytic oil is obtained from the waste tire chips, and then acid washing process, clay and calcium oxide process, distillation process, and oxidative sulfur removal processes are used to improve its properties. Then it is blended into conventional diesel fuel with/without Al2O3 nanoparticles, and the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder, air cooled, and naturally aspired diesel engine are discussed in this study. Tests were performed at varying engine loads from 3 to 12 Nm with the gaps of 3 Nm under a constant engine speed of 2400 rpm. In this study, three types of fuels were tested, namely D100 (100% diesel fuel), P10 (90% diesel fuel and 10% pyrolytic oil), and P10 + 1 g Al2O3 (obtained by adding 1 g of Al2O3 nanoparticles to P10 fuel). The addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles increased the brake thermal efficiency while reducing the maximum in-cylinder pressure, heat release rate, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, hydrocarbon emissions, NOx emissions, and CO emissions compared to other test fuels. Namely, with the addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles, BTE was improved by 4.51% and 1.59% compared to P10 and pure diesel fuel, respectively. According to this, the BSFC value increased by 4.29% for P10 test fuel and then is reduced by 2% for P10 + 1 g Al2O3 test fuel as compared with conventional diesel fuel. Compared to diesel fuel, the CO, NOx, and HC emission values deteriorated by 17.5%, 5.69%, and 18.6%, respectively, with the addition of pyrolysis oil, and these deteriorated properties were improved by 10%, 6.82%, and 13.95%, respectively, with the addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles. In the light of this study, it was observed that while waste tire pyrolysis oil worsened engine performance, emission, and combustion characteristics, these deteriorations could be improved with nano Al2O3 supplementation. (c) 2022 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.