Breast-milk infectivity in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected mothers

被引：77

作者：

Richardson, BA

John-Stewart, GC

Hughes, JP

Nduati, R

Mbori-Ngacha, D

Overbaugh, J

Kreiss, JK

机构：

[1] Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98104 USA

[2] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA

[3] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA

[4] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA

[5] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA

[6] Univ Nairobi, Dept Paediat, Nairobi, Kenya

来源：

JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2003年 / 187卷 / 05期

关键词：

D O I：

10.1086/374272

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is transmitted through blood, genital secretions, and breast milk. The probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per sex act is .0003-.0015, but little is known regarding the risk of transmission per breast-milk exposure. We evaluated the probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 per liter of breast milk ingested and per day of breast-feeding in a study of children born to HIV-1-infected mothers. The probability of breast-milk transmission of HIV-1 was .00064 per liter ingested and .00028 per day of breast-feeding. Breast-milk infectivity was significantly higher for mothers with more-advanced disease, as measured by prenatal HIV-1 RNA plasma levels and CD4 cell counts. The probability of HIV-1 infection per liter of breast milk ingested by an infant is similar in magnitude to the probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per unprotected sex act in adults.

引用

页码：736 / 740

页数：5

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