Impact of Demand Side Resources and Carbon Quota on Unit Commitment Solution

The study of unit commitment in smart grid environment has become more significant due to increased penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RESs) and participation of demand side resources. Further, the increase in energy demand and environmental concern throughout encourages the incorporation of RESs and carbon emission capping in power system. This paper models unit commitment in smart grid environment taking into account the effect of demand side resources comprising of vehicle to grid technology, demand response and distributed generation. Further to limit the emissions of thermal units, an overall cap is set for the utilities. Unit commitment problem in smart grid environment has been carried out in GAMS optimization software using Mixed Integer Non Linear Programming technique on IEEE 14 bus system while considering the power flow and environmental constraints. This paper analyses the impact of demand side resources and emission capping on generation schedule to minimize the overall operation cost and emissions of power system.