Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease

被引：1018

作者：

Boulange, Claire L. ^{[1
]}

Neves, Ana Luisa ^{[2
]}

Chilloux, Julien ^{[2
]}

Nicholson, Jeremy K. ^{[1
,2
]}

Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Metabometrix Ltd, Bioincubator, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BP, England

[2] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Div Computat & Syst Med, Dept Surg & Canc, Fac Med, Sir Alexander Fleming Bldg,Exhibition Rd, London SW7 2PH, England

来源：

GENOME MEDICINE | 2016年 / 8卷

基金：

英国医学研究理事会;

关键词：

PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; HUMAN COLONIC MICROBIOTA; FATTY-ACID RECEPTOR; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; FECAL MICROBIOTA; BACTERIAL METABOLITES; IMMUNE FUNCTION; WEIGHT-LOSS; PEPTIDE-YY; EXPRESSION;

D O I：

10.1186/s13073-016-0303-2

中图分类号：

Q3 [遗传学];

学科分类号：

071007 ; 090102 ;

摘要：

The human gut harbors more than 100 trillion microbial cells, which have an essential role in human metabolic regulation via their symbiotic interactions with the host. Altered gut microbial ecosystems have been associated with increased metabolic and immune disorders in animals and humans. Molecular interactions linking the gut microbiota with host energy metabolism, lipid accumulation, and immunity have also been identified. However, the exact mechanisms that link specific variations in the composition of the gut microbiota with the development of obesity and metabolic diseases in humans remain obscure owing to the complex etiology of these pathologies. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about the mechanistic interactions between the gut microbiota, host energy metabolism, and the host immune system in the context of obesity and metabolic disease, with a focus on the importance of the axis that links gut microbes and host metabolic inflammation. Finally, we discuss therapeutic approaches aimed at reshaping the gut microbial ecosystem to regulate obesity and related pathologies, as well as the challenges that remain in this area.

引用

页数：12

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