Theoretical integration in criminology

Recently, there has been a vigorous debate about theoretical integration in criminology. There are many criminology theories but no agreement on which (if any) have been falsified by research. This is perceived as a problem because theory is supposed to guide interpretation of past research and chart the direction for future research. Some criminologists argue that the effort to falsify theories must continue because the theories contradict each other. Others argue that the theories are different but not contradictory, so they can be integrated with each other. Criminology theories can, however, be integrated in ways that rule out most competitive testing. This new interpretation brings criminology theory more into line with common research practices and enhances the possibility of scientific progress.