GIS-based optimisation for district heating network planning

Geographical features of district heating (DH) networks make geographic information system (GIS)-based tools attractive for the structural planning of local energy systems. Improving a DH network is a complex task, where many parameters should be taken into account, and it can only be achieved if sufficient data is available. An increase in data collection efficiency also contributes to the decision-making process. A GIS-based model of a DH network is proposed for the simultaneous improvement of both pipe routing and energy efficiency. A simple scenario-based formulation is used for combinations of heat investment decisions under uncertainty over specified planning horizons. One of the first steps of the methodology is the development by means of a cyclic decision support optimisation process. The optimisation is carried out within two types of constraints: the spatial (geographical) constraints and consumption profiles. The application of this method is demonstrated by the Omsk DH network analysis. It has been proven that it is possible to combine the DH network simulation with the optimization algorithm in order to illustrate several alternatives in real time. Through the evaluation of energy consumption and the optimisation of DH networks by means of a GIS-based model, the feedback was gathered and shared with the local DH company. Methods of analysis and visualisation for awareness building and decision support have also been demonstrated. The paper highlights the advantages of combining a GIS application with an energy demand forecasting model to create a tool aimed at supporting decision-making. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.