Pyrenocarpous lichens and related non-lichenized ascomycetes from Taiwan

101 species of pyrenocarpous lichens and related ascomycetes from Taiwan are reported. All but five are new to Taiwan. The following species are new to science: Epigloea sparrii, Navicella diabola and Pyrenula laii. Several represent considerable range extensions: Lithothelium submriforme, Placidiopsis hypothallina, Polymeridium campylothelioides, Porina papuensis, P. ulceratula, Staurothele pallidopora, Strigula muriformis, Verrucaria aucklandica and V phaeoderma are all new to the Not-them Hemisphere. Several other species, e.g. Agonimia opuntiella, Chroinatochlamys muscorum Endocarpon adscendens, E. simplication, Lithothelium triseptatum, Porina africana, P. hibernica, Psoroglaena cabensis, Strigula jamesii, Thelidium pluvium, Thelocarpon olivaceum, Verrucaria fusconigrescens, V. microsporoides, V. pinguicula and V. promminula are apparently new to (East) Asia.