How toxic is a non-toxic nanomaterial: Behaviour as an indicator of effect in Danio rerio exposed to nanogold

被引：14

作者：

Botha, Tarryn L. ^{[1
]}

Brand, Sarel J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Ikenaka, Yoshinori ^{[1
,3
]}

Nakayama, Shouta M. M. ^{[3
]}

Ishizuka, Mayumi ^{[3
]}

Wepener, Victor ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Private Bag X6001, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa

[2] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Appl Chem, South African Res Chair Nanotechnol Water, Johannesburg, South Africa

[3] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Vet Med, Dept Environm Vet Sci, Lab Toxicol,Kita Ku, N18,W9, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600818, Japan

来源：

AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY | 2019年 / 215卷

关键词：

Nanogold; Zebrafish; Adverse outcomes pathway; Swimming behaviour; SWIMMING BEHAVIOR; NANOPARTICLES; ZEBRAFISH; GOLD; COPPER; NANOTOXICOLOGY; PERFORMANCE; DICTATE; IMPACT; RISKS;

D O I：

10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105287

中图分类号：

Q17 [水生生物学];

学科分类号：

071004 ;

摘要：

Gold nanoparticles are used as drug delivery vectors based on the assumption that they have low toxicity. Literature has, however, produced conflicting results over the last few years. As such, this study aimed to investigate the toxicological effects of nanogold (nAu) on several indicators that range from subcellular to whole-organism level. Gene regulation, changes in oxidative stress biomarkers and swimming performance were assessed in Danio rerio (zebrafish) following exposures to nAu. Adult zebrafish were exposed in vivo to nAu for 96 h and swimming performance measured post-exposure. Liver tissue was collected for DNA microarray and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reactions (RT-PCR) analyses to determine changes in gene expression (catalase, superoxide dismutase and metallothioneins) and protein biomarker analyses (catalase, superoxide dismutase, acetylcholine esterase, malondialdehyde, cellular energy allocation and metallothionein) were performed on whole-body samples. Swimming behaviour was assessed in 1.1 L Tecniplaset (TM) tanks for a period of six hours and videos were analysed using Noldus EthoVision software. Critical swimming speed was measured in a Loligo (R) swimming tunnel. The DNA microarray revealed that fish exposed to 20 mg/L differed most from the control group. At 20 mg/L there was a significant increase in gene expression for all genes analysed but this didn't translate to significant responses in protein biomarker levels except for an increase in protein carbonyl formation. The behaviour results demonstrated significant changes in distance moved, swimming speed, acceleration bouts, zone alterations and time spent within the top zone - responses that are usually observed in fish responding to toxicological stress. Furthermore, the critical swimming speed of exposed fish was decreased significantly compared to the control. Since swimming performance and social interaction among zebrafish is essential to their survival, whole-organism behaviour that suggests a toxicological response after exposure to nAu is in agreement with the genetic responses measured in this study.

引用

页数：10

共 45 条

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