Reference values for lung function: past, present and future

被引:198
作者
Stanojevic, S. [1 ,2 ]
Wade, A. [2 ]
Stocks, J. [1 ]
机构
[1] UCL Inst Child Hlth, Portex Resp Unit, London WC1N 1EH, England
[2] UCL Inst Child Hlth, MRC Ctr Epidemiol Child Hlth, London WC1N 1EH, England
关键词
Normal values; pulmonary function testing; reference values; review; spirometry; SPIROMETRIC REFERENCE VALUES; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; REFERENCE EQUATIONS; FUNCTION TESTS; INTERPRETATIVE STRATEGIES; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; AIRWAY-OBSTRUCTION; REFERENCE RANGES; FEV1/FVC RATIO; LOWER LIMIT;
D O I
10.1183/09031936.00143209
中图分类号
R56 [呼吸系及胸部疾病];
学科分类号
摘要
Reliable interpretation of pulmonary function results relies on the availability of appropriate reference data to help distinguish between health and disease and to assess the severity and nature of any functional impairment. The overwhelming number of published reference equations, with at least 15 published for spirometry alone in the past 3 yrs, complicates the selection of an appropriate reference. The use of inappropriate reference equations and misinterpretation, even when potentially appropriate equations are used, can lead to serious errors in both under and over diagnosis, with its associated burden in terms of financial and human costs. Further misdiagnosis occurs when fixed cut-offs, such as 80% predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) or 0.70 FEV1/forced vital capacity, are used; particularly in young children and elderly adults. While per cent predicted has historically been used to interpret lung function results, z-scores are more appropriate as they take into account the predicted value, as well as the between-subject variability of measurements. We aim to highlight some of the main issues in selecting and using reference equations and discuss how recent developments may improve interpretation of pulmonary function results.
引用
收藏
页码:12 / 19
页数:8
相关论文
共 47 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], LUNG FUNCT GROWTH AG
[2]  
BECKLAKE MR, 1993, OCCUP MED, V8, P241
[3]   An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: Pulmonary function testing in preschool children [J].
Beydon, Nicole ;
Davis, Stephanie D. ;
Lombardi, Enrico ;
Allen, Julian L. ;
Arets, Hubertus G. M. ;
Aurora, Paul ;
Bisgaard, Hans ;
Davis, G. Michael ;
Ducharme, Francine M. ;
Eigen, Howard ;
Gappa, Monika ;
Gaultier, Claude ;
Gustafsson, Per M. ;
Hall, Graham L. ;
Hantos, Zoltan ;
Healy, Michael J. R. ;
Jones, Marcus H. ;
Klug, Bent ;
Carlsen, Karin C. Lodrup ;
McKenzie, Sheila A. ;
Marchal, Francois ;
Mayer, Oscar H. ;
Merkus, Peter J. F. M. ;
Morris, Mohy G. ;
Oostveen, Ellie ;
Pillow, J. Jane ;
Seddon, Paul C. ;
Silverman, Michael ;
Sly, Peter D. ;
Stocks, Janet ;
Tepper, Robert S. ;
Vilozni, Daphna ;
Wilson, Nicola M. .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, 2007, 175 (12) :1304-1345
[4]   Modelling the lung function of Caucasians during adolescence as a basis for reference values [J].
Chinn, DJ ;
Cotes, JE ;
Martin, AJ .
ANNALS OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, 2006, 33 (01) :64-77
[5]   Sources of variation in forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity [J].
Chinn, S ;
Jarvis, D ;
Svanes, C ;
Burney, P .
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, 2006, 27 (04) :767-773
[6]   Age- and size-related reference ranges: A case study of spirometry through childhood and adulthood [J].
Cole, T. J. ;
Stanojevic, S. ;
Stocks, J. ;
Coates, A. L. ;
Hankinson, J. L. ;
Wade, A. M. .
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE, 2009, 28 (05) :880-898
[7]   SMOOTHING REFERENCE CENTILE CURVES - THE LMS METHOD AND PENALIZED LIKELIHOOD [J].
COLE, TJ ;
GREEN, PJ .
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE, 1992, 11 (10) :1305-1319
[8]   The role of reference values in interpreting lung function tests [J].
Crapo, RO .
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, 2004, 24 (03) :341-342
[9]   Spirometric reference values for children and adolescents from Kazakhstan [J].
Facchini, Fiorenzo ;
Fiori, Giovanni ;
Bedogni, Giorgio ;
Galletti, Livia ;
Ismagulov, Orazak ;
Ismagulova, Ainagul ;
Sharmanov, Turegeldy ;
Tsoy, Igor ;
Belcastro, Maria Giovanna ;
Rizzoli, Sara ;
Goldoni, Matteo .
ANNALS OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, 2007, 34 (05) :519-534
[10]   Prediction equations for normal and low lung function from the Health Survey for England [J].
Falaschetti, E ;
Laiho, J ;
Primatesta, P ;
Purdon, S .
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, 2004, 23 (03) :456-463