Constructive algorithms of vascular network modeling for training of minimally invasive catheterization procedure

In this paper, three-dimensional modeling of vascular networks is described. We propose a constructive approach to generating vascular segments and bifurcations using sweeping and blending operations. This allows smooth connection of individual branching segments at the vascular bifurcations. A tangential continuity or visual smooth (e.g. GC(1)) representation of the vascular network is derived to formulate constructive algorithms for vascular modeling. The vascular modeling technique developed is applied in our medical simulation system for the training and pretreatment planning of minimally invasive vascular surgery using catheterization procedure. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.