Effect of pulsed electric field processing on reduction of sulfamethazine residue content in milk

The whole milk spiked with sulfamethazine was treated under thermal and pulsed electric field processing for maximum reduction. The low-temperature long-time (LTLT, 62.5 degrees C for 30 min), high-temperature short time (HTST, 72 degrees C for 15 s) pasteurization and ultra-high temperature processing (UHT, 138 degrees C for 2 s) resulted in the reduction of sulfamethazine 7.3, 5.2 and 4.6% respectively. PEF and combination treatment (thermal + PEF) were found to reduce sulfamethazine content in milk by 67-72% and 73-76% respectively. Combined treatment of milk resulted in a higher percentage of reduction. Similar predicted and actual values proved that they fit the linear regression model and successful application of pulsed electric field technology in reducing antibiotic residues. PEF and mild thermal treatment can be a promising technology to reduce the antibiotic residues with ensuring minimal negative impact on the nutritional quality of food.