On the linear relation between the mean and the standard deviation of a response time distribution

被引:259
作者
Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan
Brown, Scott
机构
[1] Univ Amsterdam, Dept Psychol, NL-1018 WB Amsterdam, Netherlands
[2] Univ Newcastle, Sch Psychol, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
基金
澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
response times; diffusion model; variability; law;
D O I
10.1037/0033-295X.114.3.830
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Although it is generally accepted that the spread of a response time (RT) distribution increases with the mean, the precise nature of this relation remains relatively unexplored. The authors show that in several descriptive RT distributions, the standard deviation increases linearly with the mean. Results from a wide range of tasks from different experimental paradigms support a linear relation between RT mean and RT standard deviation. Both R. Ratcliff's (1978) diffusion model and G. D. Logan's (1988) instance theory of automatization provide explanations for this linear relation. The authors identify and discuss 3 specific boundary conditions for the linear law to hold. The law constrains RT models and supports the use of the coefficient of variation to (a) compare variability while controlling for differences in baseline speed of processing and (b) assess whether changes in performance with practice are due to quantitative speedup or qualitative reorganization.
引用
收藏
页码:830 / 841
页数:12
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