Phytosterols as anticancer compounds

被引:264
作者
Bradford, Peter G.
Awad, Atif B.
机构
[1] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA
[2] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Exercise & Nutr Sci, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA
关键词
anticancer; cancer; food; nutrition; phytosterols; BETA-SITOSTEROL GLUCOSIDE; PLANT STEROLS; IN-VITRO; BREAST-CANCER; ALKALINE SPHINGOMYELINASE; CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORTER; DIETARY PHYTOSTEROL; CELL-PROLIFERATION; SAFETY EVALUATION; CRUCIAL ROLE;
D O I
10.1002/mnfr.200600164
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Phytochemicals have been proposed to offer protection against a variety of chronic ailments including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. As for cancer protection, it has been estimated that diets rich in phytochemicals can significantly reduce cancer risk by as much as 20%. Phytosterols are specific pbytochemicals that resemble cholesterol in structure but are found exclusively in plants. Phytosterols are absorbed from the diet in small but significant amounts. Epidemiological data suggest that the phytosterol content of the diet is associated with a reduction in common cancers including cancers of the colon, breast, and prostate. The means by which dietary phytosterols may be achieving these effects is becoming clearer from molecular studies with tumorigenic research models. Phytosterols affect host systems potentially enabling, more robust antitumor responses, including the boosting of immune recognition of cancer, influencing hormonal dependent growth of endocrine tumors, and altering sterol biosynthesis. In addition, phytosterols have effects that directly inhibit tumor growth, including the slowing of cell cycle progression, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor metastasis. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the anticancer effects of phytosterols.
引用
收藏
页码:161 / 170
页数:10
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