The Effect of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone on Stage of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and it has the fastest increase rate in incidence in both sexes, with a yearly increase of 3% over the last decade. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is the main driver for the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormone. The main purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between serum TSH level and the stage of malignancy in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 77 patients with thyroid cancer. The demographic characteristics, TSH level and stage of malignancy were recorded for all patients in the data collection form. The data analysis was conducted by descriptive statistics using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The results show a significant relationship (p-value = .025) between the malignancy stage and serum TSH level. The mean TSH level in patients of stage 3 (5.70 +/- 2.03) was significantly higher than patients in stage 2 (2.58 +/- 0.52) and stage 1 (2.33 +/- 0.28). No significant relationship was observed between the age of patients and serum TSH level. Although the mean serum TSH level in men (3.61 +/- 0.98) was higher than in women (2.52 +/- 0.25), the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, serum TSH level can be considered as a predictor of the stage of differentiated thyroid cancer. Therefore, it can be used to predict the likelihood of cancer and improve the outcome and extent of thyroidectomy in patients with thyroid cancer.