The Systematic review of Necrotizing Enterocolitis; Risk, Prevention and Outcomes

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is identified as a multifactoral disease among the neonates. Beside the large era of research still this disease is recognized as a thread to newborns. Early clinical trials emphasize on enteral fed but findings reflect the high incidence on feeding with unfed. Then a quest was begin with developing strategies against safe increase of volume with early enteral feeding but consequence was faced with the tolerated small enteral feeding. Few studies showed low incidence of NEC but mystery remains unsolved because none of them manage to compare incidence among the treatment groups. A question arise on the treatment strategy that of whether using minimal fed volume for a prolonged time would results in a lower incidence of NEC as compared to increase fed volume from start. Although one can speculate that infants can fed with small volume but will not achieve full enteral feeding till by the day 10(th) and hence patient be in a high risk of late sepsis and cholestric jaundice. In general under the view of several researches from clinical trials to observational studies during last few decades, we observe that there are quiet a lot number of contradictions under the early diagnosis and treatment to late treatment and complications of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.