Analysis of impacts of polders on flood processes in Qinhuai River Basin, China, using the HEC-RAS model

Flood control with polders is prevalent in East China. Their impact on flood processes is critically important for flood control, but has not been well documented. The Qinhuai River Basin was selected as the study area. A Hydrologic Engineering Center - River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) hydraulic model was developed to simulate and predict storm flood processes and the associated impact of polders. The study shows that the HEC-RAS model is capable of simulating the impact of polders on flood processes in the Qinhuai River Basin. The polders increased the water level outside of the polders. The polders in upstream watersheds have a greater impact on the water level than polders close to basin outlets when individually distributed. The maximum water level at Dongshan section shows an increasing trend for different sized flood with the increasing number of polders in the basin, and a linear increasing trend associated with urbanization. The smaller the flood scale is, the greater the maximum water level changes.