Recurrent Mixed Cryoglobulinemia Despite Sustained Virologic Response to Treatment: A Case Report

Cryoglobulinemia is a manifestation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Treatment of HCV is the mainstay of therapy for mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome, and newer HCV therapies with direct-acting antiviral agents have achieved great success in treating HCV infection compared with pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin. Recurrence of mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome following successful treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents is uncommon, and when it occurs, it is most often due to relapse of HCV viremia. We report a case of recurrent mixed cryoglobulinemia syndrome following HCV treatment with a new direct-acting antiviral agent (sofosbuvir) and ribavirin, in which HCV RNA was undetectable in serum, but detectable in the cryoprecipitate. (C) 2017 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc.