High-Speed Efficient Terahertz Modulation Based on Tunable Collective-Individual State Conversion within an Active 3 nm Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Metasurface

被引：90

作者：

Zhao, Yuncheng ^{[1
]}

Wang, Lan ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Yaxin ^{[1
]}

Qiao, Shen ^{[1
]}

Liang, Shixiong ^{[2
]}

Zhou, Tianchi ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Xilin ^{[1
]}

Guo, Xiaoqing ^{[1
]}

Feng, Zhihong ^{[2
]}

Lan, Feng ^{[1
]}

Chen, Zhi ^{[1
]}

Yang, Xiaobo ^{[1
]}

Yang, Ziqiang ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Elect Sci & Technol China, Sch Elect Sci & Engn, Chengdu 610054, Peoples R China

[2] Hebei Semicond Res Inst, Natl Key Lab Applicat Specif Integrated Circuit, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei, Peoples R China

来源：

NANO LETTERS | 2019年 / 19卷 / 11期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

Terahertz; spatial modulator; metasurface state conversion; 2DEG nanostructure; SPATIAL LIGHT-MODULATOR; METAMATERIAL; WAVES;

D O I：

10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01273

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

Terahertz (THz) modulators are always realized by dynamically manipulating the conversion between different resonant modes within a single unit cell of an active metasurface. In this Letter, to achieve real high-speed THz modulation, we present a staggered netlike two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) nanostructure composite metasurface that has two states: a collective state with massive surface resonant characteristics and an individual state with meta-atom resonant characteristics. By controlling the electron transport of the nanoscale 2DEG with an electrical grid, collective-individual state conversion can be realized in this composite metasurface. Unlike traditional resonant mode conversion confined in meta-units, this state conversion enables the resonant modes to be flexibly distributed throughout the metasurface, leading to a frequency shift in both the simulated and experimental transmission spectra. Moreover, such a mechanism can effectively suppress parasitic modes and significantly reduce the capacitance of the metasurface. Thereby, this composite metasurface can efficiently control the transmission characteristics of THz waves with high-speed modulations. As a result, 93% modulation depth is observed in the static experiment and modulated sinusoidal signals up to 3 GHz are achieved in the dynamic experiment, while the 3 dB bandwidth can reach up to 1 GHz. This tunable collective-individual state conversion may have great application potential in wireless communication and coded imaging.

引用

页码：7588 / 7597

页数：10

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