Design and Deployment of Wireless Sensor Networks for Flood Detection in Indonesia

Flood is one of the major of the natural disasters that cause casualties and infrastructure damage. The flood often happens in several regions in Indonesia caused by high rainfall during the rainy season. This paper describes the design and deployment of the system to detect the elevation of water level in the river automatically. Alert system of the surface water has been completed by employing an ultrasonic sensor-based microcontroller with communication via wireless, which will determine the water heights whether are below, normal or above states. The results of the implemented system have an accuracy of the ultrasonic sensor that generates mean error obtained of 0.97% and RMSE is 0.36 for each increase in 1 cm.