The concept of "capacity" in zeolite ion-exchange systems

In the present paper a study is conducted in order to distinguish the several types of capacity used in the literature on zeolite ion-exchange systems, to verify the use of each capacity type, and to analyze the several experimental methods used for capacity determination. Although the study is focused on zeolite clinoptilolite as a characteristic paradigm, its theoretical approaches and experimental findings and methods could also apply to other zeolites. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.