UAV-based framework for effective data analysis of forest fire detection using 5G networks: An effective approach towards smart cities solutions

The wireless communication among the unmanned aerial vehicles is one of the most promising technologies for many of the future systems. The requirement of high performance especially with 5G networks, coverage and efficient area mapping is critical issues that requires installation of more stations by service providers. This work emphasizes the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for the application of fire detection. The trajectory of UAV for the efficient communication of multiple UAVs to the ground station is analysed. The objective behind this study is to present a system that considers two parameters: the network delay with maximum coverage through UAVs and communication throughput. Therefore, we first introduce the mathematical model for the network delay through the speed, acceleration and direction of the moving UAV. For the trajectory optimization, the speed and radius of the UAV flight are optimized for increasing the energy efficiency in communication. Additionally, an efficient architecture is proposed for the energy efficient UAV communications with general constraints such as begin/end locations and their velocities along with the acceleration and top speed. The experimental result presents that the proposed scheme attains better energy efficiency among UAV communication with considering other proposed schemes. This may be found useful for detecting forest fires and reporting the event at early stage to control room setup in smart cities using UAV and 5G assisted technologies.