Price-Based Bandwidth Allocation for Backscatter Communication With Bandwidth Constraints

Recently proposed Bluetooth low energy (BLE)-backscatter allows interference-free transmission by locally generating a sub-carrier for frequency shifting (FS). Motivated by the BLE backscatter, in this paper, we investigate the price-based bandwidth allocation for multi-user backscatter communication (BackCom), where multiple BackCom users are allocated to different non-overlapping sub-channels and all users share the whole spectrum in a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) manner. Each BackCom user is charged by the primary user (PU) in the same sub-channel for a price, which is proportional to the allocated bandwidth and can be viewed as the cost for bandwidth sharing. A Stackelberg game is formulated to study joint maximization of the revenue of PUs and the utility function of each BackCom user subject to the total bandwidth constraint on the PUs and the individual bandwidth constraints on each BackCom user. Stackelberg Equilibriums (SEs) for two proposed schemes are investigated in closed-form expressions. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of proposed schemes in improving the revenue performance of PUs and the sum capacity performance of BackCom users.