Spectroscopic, thermal and toxicity studies of some 2-amino-3-cyano-1, 5-diphenylpyrrole containing Schiff bases copper (II) complexes

Two novel Schiff base ligands of 2-amino-3-cyano-1,5-diphenylpyrrole and salicylaldehyde (HL1) or 2- hydroxy1-naphthylaldehyde (HL2) and their copper(II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, spectral (UV-Vis, IR, EPR, Mass (for ligands)), thermal (DTA-TGA) methods, magnetic and conductance measurements. IR results demonstrate the bidentate binding of the Schiff base ligands involving azomethine nitrogen, phenolic or naphtholic oxygen and suggest the presence of HL2 and complexes (1, 2, 4 and 8) in enolimine-ketonamine tautomeric forms in the solid state. The EPR spectral data of complexes (2, 5, 6) show that the metal - ligand bonds have considerable covalent character. The thermal studies show that complexes (1, 2, 4 and 8) that are present in enolimine-ketonamine tautomeric forms exhibit lower thermal stability. The effect of synthesized ligands (HL1, HL2) and complexes (1, 5) were tested on the mortality of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae). The study shows that the mortality of the nematodes increased with increasing concentrations of copper(II) ion, ligands and complexes. Copper(II) ion was the most toxic for EPN.