The Usefulness of Systematic Reviews of Animal Experiments for the Design of Preclinical and Clinical Studies

被引:111
作者
de Vries, Rob B. M. [1 ]
Wever, Kimberley E. [2 ]
Avey, Marc T. [3 ,4 ]
Stephens, Martin L. [5 ]
Sena, Emily S. [6 ,7 ]
Leenaars, Marlies [2 ]
机构
[1] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, SYstemat Review Ctr Lab Anim Experimentat SYRCLE, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
[2] Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, SYRCLE, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, Netherlands
[3] Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Canadian Inst Hlth Res Knowledge Translat, Ottawa, ON, Canada
[4] Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Clin Epidemiol Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada
[5] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Alternat Anim Testing, Baltimore, MD USA
[6] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
[7] Florey Inst Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
基金
加拿大健康研究院;
关键词
experimental design; systematic review; meta-analysis; animal model; animal ethics; 3Rs; evidence-based preclinical medicine; translation; EVIDENCE-BASED TOXICOLOGY; ACUTE ISCHEMIC-STROKE; SEARCH FILTER; PUBLICATION BIAS; METAANALYSIS; MODELS; EFFICACY; RISK; HYPOTHERMIA; TOXICITY;
D O I
10.1093/ilar/ilu043
中图分类号
S85 [动物医学(兽医学)];
学科分类号
0906 ;
摘要
The question of how animal studies should be designed, conducted, and analyzed remains underexposed in societal debates on animal experimentation. This is not only a scientific but also a moral question. After all, if animal experiments are not appropriately designed, conducted, and analyzed, the results produced are unlikely to be reliable and the animals have in effect been wasted. In this article, we focus on one particular method to address this moral question, namely systematic reviews of previously performed animal experiments. We discuss how the design, conduct, and analysis of future (animal and human) experiments may be optimized through such systematic reviews. In particular, we illustrate how these reviews can help improve the methodological quality of animal experiments, make the choice of an animal model and the translation of animal data to the clinic more evidence-based, and implement the 3Rs. Moreover, we discuss which measures are being taken and which need to be taken in the future to ensure that systematic reviews will actually contribute to optimizing experimental design and thereby to meeting a necessary condition for making the use of animals in these experiments justified.
引用
收藏
页码:427 / 437
页数:11
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