An infrastructure for individualised and intelligent decision-making and negotiation in cyber-physical systems

Cyber-physical systems are often developed with an emphasis on the network of computational elements and the linkage between the computational and physical elements. The physical elements are different kinds of Internet of Things devices that carry out desirable and valid tasks from instructions. However, due to the limitations of current individual-based secure products and delivery of services, the requisites of these products and services have started to increase and, hence, the requirements for intelligent automated, networked and mobile devices arise. The current state of communication between the elements in Internet of Things is data exchange and needs step up to next level to improve the interaction with the surrounding devices to augmenting human capabilities. This paper presents an infrastructure for individualised intelligent decision-making and negotiation in cyber-physical systems with smart Internet of Things devices. The decision-making and negotiation is based on individual preferences to provide the best individual-based solutions. The solution is applied to health care, which will permeate throughout the paper. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B. V.