An enhanced energy proficient clustering (EEPC) algorithm for relay selection in heterogeneous WSNs

The recent advancements in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have brought attention to the field of sensor tracking events. Habitat monitoring is considered as one of the most important applications of WSNs, which ensures wildlife conservation. Researchers have proposed various solutions to select the optimal path in the field of sensor tracking. However, energy dissipation of sensor nodes and fault tolerance during data transformation is still one of the major challenges of the WSN environment in dynamic scenarios. In this paper, an Enhanced Energy Proficient Clustering (EEPC) is proposed to reduce the energy consumption of the entire sensor nodes in the field of tracking events. The network is created with both fixed and mobile nodes. Initially, fixed nodes broadcast information, and mobile nodes select the cluster head from fixed nodes. The mobile nodes select their cluster head (CH) based on their associated placement and energy level. Mobile sensor nodes (SNs) transmit data to the CH. It introduces the concept of finding relay nodes, which are fixed nodes. The EEPC algorithm selects the relay nodes based on their velocity and location by calculating particle fitness value. The selected intermediate relay nodes transmit the collected information to the Base Station (BS) using the sensor data fusion technique. The link fault of nodes could be predicted based on the deviation value. The simulation results show that the proposed approach points out progress with reference to various performance metrics. The proposed work minimizes the energy depletion and enhances the network lifetime compared to other existing protocols.