BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES AND HEAVY METAL CONTENTS OF SOME PHOLIOTA SPECIES

In this study, antioxidant, oxidant, and antimicrobial activities of some Pholiota species (Pholiota adiposa (Batsch) P. Kumm., P lubrica (Pers.) Singer and P. squarrosa (Vahl) P. Kumm.) were determined. Also, the Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cd levels accumulated in the fruiting bodies of these species were measured. Ethanol extracts of the mushroom specimens have been prepared. The antioxidant and oxidant status of the extracts were determined using Rel Assay kits. Also, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the extracts were determined using the agar dilution method. Heavy metal levels of the samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. As a result of the studies, the highest TAS value was determined in P squarrosa. The highest TOS value was determined in P lubrica. Generally, antibacterial and antifungal activities were observed in P lubrica, Generally, element levels fell within the literature ranges. Besides, it is thought that all three types of species can be used as an indicator due to their high Ni contents. As a result, it was determined that P adiposa, P lubrica and P squarrosa can be used as antioxidant and antimicrobial natural agents.