Predictive factors and influence of intravesical therapy for recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Introduction: We assessed the predictive factors for recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, and the effect of intravesical therapy. Material and Methods: We examined 419 bladder neoplasms. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done on 24 variables of these bladder neoplasms, and various treatments were assessed. Results: There were significant differences in the disease-free interval before recurrence, which was shorter in tumors recurring within 12 months, in multiple tumors (3 or more tumors), and bladder dome cancers. Also, there were statistically significant differences when two homogeneous groups of surgeons were studied. Intravesical instillation therapy increased time to relapse as an independent factor. A significant delay in recurrence was demonstrated when high BCG doses and maintenance treatment were used. Conclusions: Independent factors associated with shorter disease-free interval before recurrence were the following: cancer relapse within the first year, multiple tumors, surgical procedure, non-use of bladder washing, treatment with low BCG doses, and induction intravesical therapy vs. maintenance treatment. Intravesical instillations using high BCG doses and BCG maintenance treatment, increased the period of time before relapse.