Gene expression of bovine cumulus oophorus cells after vitrification

A challenge of cryobiology remains in to develop a method that provides adequate results of viability after cryopreservation of immature bovine oocytes. Vitrification has been the methodology that provides most promising survival results after cryopreservation for immature bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). However, the action of cryoprotectants on the gene expression regulation of cumulus oophorus cells is still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate, through the RT-PCR technique, the gene expression of hyaluronic acid synthase protein 2 (HAS2), link protein, connexin 43 and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70-1) in cumulus oophorus cells of immature bovine oocytes exposed and/or vitrified in cryoprotectant solution (VS) containing 20% ethylene glycol (EG) + 20% dimethilsulfoxide (DMSO) + 0.5 M sucrose before in vitro maturation (IVM). The immature COCs were sellected, and allocated into four experimental groups: G1, COCs no submitted to IVM; G2, COCs submitted to IVM; G3, COCs exposed to VS and submitted to IVM; and G4, COCs vitrified with VS and submitted to IVM. The IVM was performed in TCM 199 supplemented with oestrus mare serum, at 39 degrees C, under 5% of CO2 and maximum relative humidity, for 22 to 24 hours. The RNA extraction from cumulus cells samples was performed by using the phenol-chloroform followed by the specific capture of the mRNA. The mRNAs were transcribed into cDNA using RT-PCR to evaluate patterns of gene expression. The results showed no significant difference between the groups tested for the relative abundance of link protein (p=0.486), HAS2 (p=0.394), connexin 43 (p = 0.116) and HSP70-1 (p = 0.248) transcripts.