Scrambling and Reorientation of Classical Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence in Hurricane Winds

The societal, economic, and ecosystem consequences of hurricanes are projected to increase with ocean warming. Although wind gusts can be highly destructive in these extreme events, current knowledge on hurricane turbulence structures is limited due to insufficient measurement sampling data and the low resolution (1-5 km) of weather models. To bridge this knowledge gap, we propose and validate a numerical approach based on a novel theoretical framework that enables us to simulate hurricane boundary layer (BL) at approximate to 25 m resolution. Our high-resolution simulations revealed an intermediate layer in the hurricane BL in which the streamwise-elongated coherent turbulence structures that typically populate the BL flows are broken into smaller eddies. The distinctive structure of turbulence in cyclonic winds also alters internal BL dynamics during hurricane landfalls by reorienting the roll vortices. We demonstrate that the centrifugal forces in hurricanes cause scrambling and reorientation of the elongated conventional atmospheric BL streaks.