Evaluation of Lesions and Viral Antigen Distribution in Domestic Pigs Inoculated Intranasally with African Swine Fever Virus Ken05/Tk1 (Genotype X)

被引:14
作者
Sanchez-Cordon, Pedro J. [1 ,2 ]
Floyd, Tobias [1 ]
Hicks, Daniel [1 ]
Crooke, Helen R. [3 ]
McCleary, Stephen [3 ]
McCarthy, Ronan R. [3 ]
Strong, Rebecca [3 ]
Dixon, Linda K. [4 ]
Neimanis, Aleksija [5 ]
Wikstrom-Lassa, Emil [5 ]
Gavier-Widen, Dolores [5 ,6 ]
Nunez, Alejandro [1 ]
机构
[1] Anim & Plant Hlth Agcy APHA Weybridge, Pathol & Anim Sci Dept, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England
[2] Inst Nacl Invest & Tecnol Agr & Alimentaria INIA, Dept Pathol, Ctr Invest Sanidad Anim CISA, Carretera Algete El Casar Km 8-1, Madrid 28130, Spain
[3] Anim & Plant Hlth Agcy APHA Weybridge, Dept Virol, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England
[4] Pirbright Inst, Ash Rd, Woking GU24 0NF, Surrey, England
[5] Natl Vet Inst SVA, Dept Pathol & Wildlife Dis, S-75189 Uppsala, Sweden
[6] Swedish Univ Agr Sci SLU, Dept Biomed Sci & Vet Publ Hlth, Box 7028, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
来源
PATHOGENS | 2021年 / 10卷 / 06期
基金
“创新英国”项目; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会;
关键词
African swine fever virus; genotype X; domestic pig; Sus scrofa domesticus; infection routes and doses; pathology; lesion scoring; viral antigen distribution in tissues; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; INTRAMUSCULAR INOCULATION; CAUCASUS ISOLATE; FARMING SYSTEMS; VIRULENT-STRAIN; TRANSMISSION; MACROPHAGES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PATHOGENESIS; EXPRESSION;
D O I
10.3390/pathogens10060768
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
The understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms and the clinicopathological forms caused by currently circulating African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates is incomplete. So far, most of the studies have been focused on isolates classified within genotypes I and II, the only genotypes that have circulated outside of Africa. However, less is known about the clinical presentations and lesions induced by isolates belonging to the other twenty-two genotypes. Therefore, the early clinicopathological identification of disease outbreaks caused by isolates belonging to, as yet, not well-characterised ASFV genotypes may be compromised, which might cause a delay in the implementation of control measures to halt the virus spread. To improve the pathological characterisation of disease caused by diverse isolates, we have refined the macroscopic and histopathological evaluation protocols to standardise the scoring of lesions. Domestic pigs were inoculated intranasally with different doses (high, medium and low) of ASFV isolate Ken05/Tk1 (genotype X). To complement previous studies, the distribution and severity of macroscopic and histopathological lesions, along with the amount and distribution of viral antigen in tissues, were characterised by applying the new scoring protocols. The intranasal inoculation of domestic pigs with high doses of the Ken05/Tk1 isolate induced acute forms of ASF in most of the animals. Inoculation with medium doses mainly induced acute forms of disease. A less severe but longer clinical course, typical of subacute forms, characterised by the presence of more widespread and severe haemorrhages and oedema, was observed in one pig inoculated with the medium dose. The severity of vascular lesions (haemorrhages and oedema) induced by high and medium doses was not associated with the amount of virus antigen detected in tissues, therefore these might be attributed to indirect mechanisms not evaluated in the present study. The absence of clinical signs, lesions and detectable levels of virus genome or antigen in blood from the animals inoculated with the lowest dose ruled out the existence of possible asymptomatic carriers or persistently infected pigs, at least for the 21 days period of the study. The results corroborate the moderate virulence of the Ken05/Tk1 isolate, as well as its capacity to induce both the acute and, occasionally, subacute forms of ASF when high and medium doses were administered intranasally.
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页数:23
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