Ultra-wideband fractal antenna using rhombus shaped patch with stub loaded defected ground plane: Design and measurement

The Rhombus Shaped Fractal Antenna with stub loaded defected ground plane is presented for UWB wireless applications. Proposed antenna bears the overall compact size of 30 x 24 x 1.6 mm(3). The proposed geometry of antenna generates the higher impedance bandwidth in comparison to the other structures such as antenna with partial ground plane and ground plane with defects. The modification in the ground plane has been investigated and analyzed to obtain the optimized results of the designed antenna. Finally, the stub is employed in the geometry of antenna with defected ground plane and the bandwidth of antenna has been enhanced as 17.53 GHz (167.19%) in the 1.72 to 19.25 GHz frequency range. The peak realized gain of antenna is calculated and found as 6.48 dB (maximum gain) at 2.4 GHz frequency band. Far - field radiation patterns of proposed antenna are measured and presented at points 2.4, 7.8, 13.4 and 18.5 GHz. The performance of designed antenna has been analyzed by using HFSS V13 simulator based on finite element method (FEM) and then the optimized final structure is fabricated for the experimental results. The wider bandwidth of proposed antenna made it a suitable candidate for different wireless standards in the desired frequency range.