Addressees' needs influence speakers' early syntactic choices

被引:109
作者
Lockridge, CB [1 ]
Brennan, SE [1 ]
机构
[1] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
关键词
D O I
10.3758/BF03196312
中图分类号
B841 [心理学研究方法];
学科分类号
040201 ;
摘要
A current debate in psycholinguistics concerns how speakers take addressees' knowledge or needs into account during the packaging of utterances. In retelling stories, speakers are more likely to mention atypical instruments than easily inferrable, typical instruments; in a seminal study, Brown and Dell (1987) suggested that this is not an adjustment to addressees but is simply easiest for speakers. They concluded that manipulating addressees' knowledge did not affect speakers' mention of instruments. However, their addressees were confederates who heard the same stories repeatedly, We had speakers retell stories to naive addressees who either saw or did not see a picture illustrating the main action and instrument. When addressees lacked pictures, speakers, were more likely to mention atypical instruments, to mention them early (within the same clause as the action verb), and to mark atypical instruments as indefinite. This suggests that with visual copresence, speakers can take addressees' knowledge into account in early syntactic choices.
引用
收藏
页码:550 / 557
页数:8
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