The field experiment was conducted during 1997-99 at New Delhi, to study growth, seed yield and water use by fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under various levels of irrigation and fertilizer. Application of 3 irrigations at branching flowering and seed-filling stages, being at par with 2 irrigations at branching and seed-filling stages, was superior to the remaining irrigation levels for umbels/plant, seeds/umbel, seed yield /plant and seed yield/ha. Water use and water-use efficiency were maximum with 3 irrigations at branching, flowering and seed filling and 2 irrigations at branching and seed-filling stages treatments respectively. Recommended dose of fertilizers and half of recommended dose of fertilizers with FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha being similar, recorded taller plants and more branches/plant, umbels/plant, seeds/umbel, seed yield/plant and seed yield/ha. Highest water use and water-use efficiency and 1,000-seed weight were also recorded with the recommended dose of fertilizers.