Tuning the Work Function of Polar Zinc Oxide Surfaces using Modified Phosphonic Acid Self-Assembled Monolayers

被引：177

作者：

Lange, Ilja ^{[1
]}

Reiter, Sina ^{[1
]}

Paetzel, Michael ^{[2
,3
]}

Zykov, Anton ^{[4
]}

Nefedov, Alexei ^{[5
]}

Hildebrandt, Jana ^{[2
,3
]}

Hecht, Stefan ^{[2
,3
]}

Kowarik, Stefan ^{[4
]}

Woell, Christof ^{[5
]}

Heimel, Georg ^{[4
]}

Neher, Dieter ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany

[2] Humboldt Univ, Dept Chem, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

[3] Humboldt Univ, IRIS Adlershof, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

[4] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany

[5] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Funct Interfaces, D-76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen, Germany

来源：

ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS | 2014年 / 24卷 / 44期

关键词：

ZnO; self-assembled monolayers; phosphonic acid; surface modification; electrodes; ENERGY-LEVEL ALIGNMENT; TRANSPARENT CONDUCTING OXIDE; INDIUM TIN OXIDE; BENZYLPHOSPHONIC ACIDS; DIELECTRIC-CONSTANT; ORGANIC MONOLAYERS; ZNO; ORIENTATION; MORPHOLOGY; MOLECULES;

D O I：

10.1002/adfm.201401493

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is regarded as a promising alternative material for transparent conductive electrodes in optoelectronic devices. However, ZnO suffers from poor chemical stability. ZnO also has a moderate work function (WF), which results in substantial charge injection barriers into common (organic) semiconductors that constitute the active layer in a device. Controlling and tuning the ZnO WF is therefore necessary but challenging. Here, a variety of phosphonic acid based self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) deposited on ZnO surfaces are investigated. It is demonstrated that they allow the tuning the WF over a wide range of more than 1.5 eV, thus enabling the use of ZnO as both the hole-injecting and electron-injecting contact. The modified ZnO surfaces are characterized using a number of complementary techniques, demonstrating that the preparation protocol yields dense, well-defined molecular monolayers.

引用

页码：7014 / 7024

页数：11

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