Qualitative analysis of transition from work to retirement among Slovak retirees

The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore the adjustment to retirement transition from the point of view of recently retired Slovak individuals. The special focus of the study was on factors which helped or blocked the process of this adjustment. The data obtained from semi-structured interviews were analyzed by Consensual Qualitative Research-Modified (Spangler et al. 2012). Forty seniors (M = 63.36; SD = 2.47) participated in the research. The analysis resulted in the creation of a categorization consisting of four domains: the process of transition from work to retirement; helpful factors during the transition; risk factors during the transition; and perceived positive and negative changes in retirement. The categories and representative statements were the foundation for the creation of three typical cases. The most common case is an individual who looks forward to retirement because the retiree is tired of the job. After retiring, the retiree experiences relief and satisfaction, perceives new possibilities, and experiences positive changes. The main helpful factors in adaption to retirement were identified as engaging in new activities, social relationships, good health, previous retirement planning, as well as protective attitudes, such as acceptance, gratitude, optimism and perception of the finality of life. Overall, the most frequently occurring risk factors in adaptation to retirement were bereavement, prolongation of the retirement age, lack of finances, and a partner's illness. Positive and negative changes during retirement are discussed.