Biochar decreases the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin in mitigating nitrous oxide emissions at different soil moisture levels

被引:29
|
作者
Pokharel, Prem [1 ]
Chang, Scott X. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, 442Earth Sci Bldg, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
GHG emissions; Manure biochar; Nitrification; Pyrolysis; Soil enzyme; WFPS; AMMONIA-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; ECOENZYMATIC STOICHIOMETRY; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; N2O EMISSIONS; NITRATE; WATER; DENITRIFICATION; EFFICIENCY; CARBON; INPUTS;
D O I
10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113080
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Unprecedented increases in agricultural nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in recent years have caused substantial environmental pollution that leads to ozone depletion and global warming. Application of biochar and/or nitrification inhibitors (NIs) has the potential to reduce N2O emissions; however, it is not clear how biochar application may affect the efficacy of NI in reducing nitrification rates, soil enzyme activities, and N2O emissions under different soil moisture regimes. We conducted a 60-day laboratory incubation experiment to study the effects of manure biochar and nitrapyrin (as a NI) on N2O emissions from a urea fertilized soil with either 60 (low) or 80% (high) water-filled pore space (WFPS). Nitrification rates were significantly affected by biochar x NI x WFPS and biochar x WFPS interactions. Biochar initially increased and then decreased the rates, resulting in 45.2 and 26.6% (P < 0.001 for both) overall reductions in low and high WFPS, respectively while NI reduced the rates only in the first 10 days at 60% WFPS. Biochar decreased (P < 0.001) and NI increased (P = 0.007) beta-1,4-N-acetyl glucosaminidase activities while urease activities were increased (P < 0.001) by biochar across WFPS. Biochar had significant interaction with NI in cumulative N2O emissions with the efficacy of NI being reduced when co-applied with biochar. Cumulative N2O emissions were greater at high than at low WFPS; the emissions were decreased by biochar at 60% WFPS and NI at both 60 and 80% WFPS. We conclude that biochar reduces efficacy of nitrapyrin in mitigating N2O emissions and their effects on net nitrification rates, enzyme activities and N2O emissions are dependent on soil moisture level.
引用
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页数:10
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