Novel and Facile Synthesis of Sea Anemone Adhesive Protein-Coated ZnO Nanoparticles: Antioxidant, Antibiofilm, and Mosquito Larvicidal Activity Against Aedes aegypti

Recently, marine bio-products have provided a new insight on biomaterials for pharmaceutical applications. Herein, the use of adhesive protein in the fabrication of bio-inspired nanomaterials noted to the possible realization of vital biomedical applications. This study illustrates the biosynthesize ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using adhesive protein from sea anemone Stichodactyla haddoni (ShAp). ShAp-ZnO NPs were characterized via SDS-PAGE, UV-Visible, XRD, FTIR, TEM and SAED. The molecular weight of the adhesive protein was determined by SDS-PAGE to be between 36 and 42 kDa. The UV-Vis peak of ShAp-ZnO NPs was revealed at 210 nm while XRD exhibited the crystalline nature of ShAp-ZnO NPs. FTIR revealed that functional group of ShAp-ZnO NPs, which exhibited peaks at 3441.31-1073.36 cm(-1). HR-TEM revealed that ShAp-ZnO NPs obtained structure were hexagonal with 10 nm diameter. The antioxidant properties of ShAp, zinc acetate, and ShAp-ZnO NPs were noted at 100 mu g/mL. Further, microscopic analysis demonstrated that 50 mu g/mL of ShAp, zinc acetate, and ShAp-ZnO NPs efficiently repressed the biofilm formation of both Gram((+)) and Gram((-)) bacteria. In addition, maximal larvicidal effects were noticed at 100 mu g/mL of ShAp-ZnO NPs against the 3rd instar of Aedes aegypti. Overall, the ShAp-ZnO NPs could have entomological and pharmaceutical applications.