Proteomic Biomarkers of Retinal Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy

被引:144
作者
Youngblood, Hannah [1 ]
Robinson, Rebekah [2 ,3 ]
Sharma, Ashok [3 ,4 ]
Sharma, Shruti [3 ,5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Augusta Univ, Dept Cellular Biol & Anat, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
[2] Augusta Univ, Med Coll Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
[3] Augusta Univ, Ctr Biotechnol & Genom Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
[4] Augusta Univ, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
[5] Augusta Univ, Culver Vis Discovery Inst, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
[6] Augusta Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Diabetic retinopathy; Retinal inflammation; Proteomics; Biomarkers; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; AQUEOUS-HUMOR; ANTI-VEGF; MACULAR EDEMA; INTRAVITREAL BEVACIZUMAB; VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE; LIMITING MEMBRANE; RODENT MODEL; RANIBIZUMAB; SERUM;
D O I
10.3390/ijms20194755
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a sight-threatening neurovasculopathy, is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world. DR arises as the result of prolonged hyperglycemia and is characterized by leaky retinal vasculature, retinal ischemia, retinal inflammation, angiogenesis, and neovascularization. The number of DR patients is growing with an increase in the elderly population, and therapeutic approaches are limited, therefore, new therapies to prevent retinal injury and enhance repair are a critical unmet need. Besides vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced vascular proliferation, several other mechanisms are important in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, including vascular inflammation. Thus, combining anti-VEGF therapy with other new therapies targeting these pathophysiological pathways of DR may further optimize treatment outcomes. Technological advancements have allowed for high-throughput proteomic studies examining biofluids such as aqueous humor, vitreous humor, tear, and serum. Many DR biomarkers have been identified, especially proteins involved in retinal inflammatory processes. This review attempts to summarize the proteomic biomarkers of DR-associated retinal inflammation identified over the last several years.
引用
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页数:19
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