Exercise and microstructural changes in the motor cortex of older adults

被引:9
作者
Rowley, Christopher D. [1 ]
Bock, Nicholas A. [2 ]
Deichmann, Ralf [3 ]
Engeroff, Tobias [4 ]
Hattingen, Elke [5 ]
Hellweg, Rainer [6 ]
Pilatus, Ulrich [5 ]
Fuezeki, Eszter [7 ]
Gerten, Sina [4 ]
Vogt, Lutz [4 ]
Banzer, Winfried [7 ]
Pantel, Johannes [8 ]
Fleckenstein, Johannes [4 ]
Matura, Silke [8 ]
机构
[1] McMaster Univ, Dept Neurosci, Hamilton, ON, Canada
[2] McMaster Univ, Dept Psychol Neurosci & Behav, Hamilton, ON, Canada
[3] Brain Imaging Ctr, Frankfurt, Germany
[4] Goethe Univ, Inst Sports Sci, Dept Sports Med, Frankfurt, Germany
[5] Goethe Univ Hosp Frankfurt, Inst Neuroradiol, Frankfurt, Germany
[6] Charite Univ Med Berlin, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, Neurobiol & Neurotrophins Lab, Berlin, Germany
[7] Goethe Univ, Inst Occupat Social & Environm Med, Div Prevent & Sports Med, Frankfurt, Germany
[8] Goethe Univ, Inst Gen Practice, Frankfurt, Germany
关键词
aging; cerebral cortex; exercise; humans; magnetic resonance imaging; microstructure; myelin; quantitative MRI; WHITE-MATTER INTEGRITY; IN-VIVO; MAGNETIZATION-TRANSFER; PHYSICAL-EXERCISE; AEROBIC FITNESS; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; SPOILED FLASH; BRAIN; MYELIN; MRI;
D O I
10.1111/ejn.14585
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Exercise has been shown to counteract age-related volume decreases in the human brain, and in this imaging study, we ask whether the same holds true for the microstructure of the cortex. Healthy older adults (n = 47, 65-90 years old) either exercised three times a week on a stationary bike or maintained their usual physical routine over a 12-week period. Quantitative longitudinal relaxation rate (R-1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) maps were made at baseline and after the 12-week intervention. R-1 is commonly taken to reflect cortical myelin density. The change in R-1 (Delta R-1) was significantly increased in a region of interest (ROI) in the primary motor cortex containing motor outputs to the leg musculature in the exercise group relative to the control group (p = .04). The change in R-1 in this ROI correlated with an increase in oxygen consumption at the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) (p = .04), a marker of improvement in submaximal aerobic performance. An exploratory analysis across the cortex suggested that the correlation was predominately confined to the leg representation in the motor cortex. This study suggests that microstructural declines in the cortex of older adults may be staved off by exercise.
引用
收藏
页码:1711 / 1722
页数:12
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